Content:
- Equipment required for testing
- General inspection
- Insulation Resistance Test
- Polarity Test
- Transformer Turns ratio test
1. Equipment required
Following equipment is necessary to perform testings:
- Polarity test kit
- Megger 500-5000V
- Ohmmeter
- Multimeter
- Autotransformers & Step-up transformers
2. General inspection
Mechanical checks
- General visual inspection and compliance with the drawings and manuals.
- Check nameplate ratings and HV, LV terminal markings.
- Check that all parts of the transformer are properly assembled and tight.
- Check the HV connections are tight.
- Check the cable connections on the LV side and the markings.
- Check the oil levels and inspect for leakage. (Where applicable)
Capacitor dividers type
Check that all parts of the transformers are properly assembled.
Electromagnetic type
Check the installation of different sections.
Electrical Checks
- Check the equipment grounding (Continuity and connection)
- Check the fuse rating of secondary side.
- Perform the operation described in the following
Insulation Resistance Test
To obtain values as close as possible to the manufacturer’s specifications the insulators must be very clean. Select the megger range corresponding to the ratings of the equipment under test.
For Primary side, apply voltage depending on rating of voltage rating of VT.
- For 6.6 kV VT (example), apply 2.5 kV and
- For 132 kV VT (example), apply 5.0 kV.
Polarity Test
The polarity is checked using the flick method (application of direct current) and check of deflection on a bi-directional milliammeter. The test is also used to check primary and secondary circuit continuity.
- When switch k is closed, the milliammeter pointer deflects positive.
- When the circuit is opened, the milliammeter pointer deflects in the negative direction.
Transformer Turns ratio test
A variable AC source is applied on the primary side. The primary and secondary voltages are measured to determine the ratio V2/V1
132kv Substation
Reference: Contract specific procedure for testing of electrical equipment and 132kV OHL
Related electrical guides & articles
Thanks.
THANKS FOR THIS INFORMATION
This presenation is good but not all the info is 100%.
For instance the identification of the VT Primary and secondary connections is wrong, Primary connections are labelled in Capital letters as A and N and secondary as a and n, your info might confuse first time students who wil perform these test.
Also when you perform the insulation tests you remove the Primary N connection from earth when you test from Primary to earth and dont connnect it to the secondary as well because you want individual readings for each test performed to prove that each core is insulated on its own accordingly.
the different secondary cores have different purposes and different VA’s , like for Metering and Protection purposes.
When you test a CTPT unit it has a earth link in the secondary connection box that you have to remove before you start with the insulation tests.
For the Polarity test 9 V or 12 V battery will be enough just make sure that the amp or Volt meter measures in mili amps( Volt), because due to the VT ratio you will get a miliamp or milivolt output.Use any quality galvano meter with a DC mili amp or volt selection to make your test easier.
For the ratio test you can at least inject from 500-1000 V across the primary connections and measure output on secondary, these were tests performed on 11 kV to 132kV VTS the error was still within the spec’s allowed.But the Accuracy class was then from 0.2Cl to 0.5Cl.
Long before the CT analyser or CPC 100 Voltano 100 Sverker 750/760 or 950 was build we used a self build injection set for mag curves that could inject max 1000 V and up to 5 amps that we used for Metering and Protection CT’s to do the mag curves and we used it for VT ratio test because it had enough VA to perform the tests.
Edvard sorry hat I used your blog here but in the Electrical field we share our info because and help others that are new to this field ours.
Regards
Francois