The most common MV/LV radial distribution systems applied in buildings
In many cases, power is supplied by the power utility to a building at the utilization voltage. In these cases, the distribution of power within the building is achieved through… Read more
Aug 12, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
How not to select the wrong generator set (genset) for your application
Generator set is maybe the most expensive part you can find in a substation. Therefore, many factors must be considered when determining the proper size or electrical rating of an… Read more
Jul 31, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Learn how to analyse and check wiring diagrams of a medium voltage switchgear
As already written earlier regarding the LV switchboard, wiring diagrams are used to show the control and signalization principle of operation inside the switchboard. Usually, they are given in form…...
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Jul 25, 2019 | By Miodrag Kokotovic
6 alarms coming from a substation transformer you MUST take very seriously
Transformers are the most expensive piece of apparatus in a power substation and therefore must have appropriate protection equipment installed to guard against various faults. This technical article explains a… Read more
Jul 22, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Example of 33/11 kV substation on-site assessment report
This technical article presents the shorten version of the report of an on-site assessment at the 33/11 kV Shatt Al Arab substation built in Iraq back in 2005. The assessment… Read more
Jul 17, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Integration of IEC 61850 in power plant automation, control, and protection systems
IEC 61850 is much more than a protocol. The general scope of the standard is designed to support the communication of all functions being performed in a substation. Its main… Read more
May 29, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Solving the architectural and reliability puzzle of a protection and control system
This technical article discusses some of the basics of protection and control as successfully used for decades. Majority of these general requirements will have to be retained by new communication-based… Read more
May 27, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
The essentials of radial distribution system and its subtransmission circuits
Electric distribution system is all of that part of an electric power system between the bulk power source or sources and the consumers’ service switches. The bulk power sources are… Read more
May 15, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
How to make calculation for a distribution substation 10/0.4 kV, 2×1600 kVA
Distribution substations with an installed power of 2×1600 kVA are a typical example of electrical power supply facilities which can be often seen all around Europe and wider. By “calculation”…...
Premium Membership Required
This technical article/guide requires a Premium Membership. You can choose an annually based Plus, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers. With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.Check out each plan’s benefits and choose the membership plan that works best for you or your organization.
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May 02, 2019 | By Miodrag Kokotovic
The concept of redundancy in the power circuits
Generally speaking, distribution substations should be designed with redundancy allowing a portion of feeders to remain energized if any major component fails or is taken out of service for maintenance…. Read more
May 01, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Internal electrical systems within nuclear power plant stations (power sources)
Electrical systems within a nuclear power plant (NPP) deserve significant design considerations. The availability of on-site as well as off-site power plays a crucial role in nuclear power plant safety… Read more
Apr 29, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Spot network systems for distribution of electric power in downtown areas of cities
The AC secondary network system is the system that has been used for many years to distribute electric power in the high-density, downtown areas of cities, usually in the form… Read more
Apr 24, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Single line diagrams of substations 66/11 kV and 11/0.4 kV (reading & analysis)
This technical article describes single line diagrams of two typical power substations 66/11 kV and 11/0.4 kV and their power flow, principles of incoming lines (incomers) and outgoing lines (feeders),… Read more
Apr 17, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Learn HV substation elements (graphic symbols, basics & connection schemes)
High voltage substations are pretty complex to understand since they have a way too many elements and each element is complex for itself and it depends on many system parameters… Read more
Apr 15, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Minimizing failure impact in distribution systems by allowing faults to clear themselves
Distribution systems are basically insecure – failure of a major component always leads to customer interruptions. So, what can be done? Reliable distribution systems minimize this impact by allowing faults… Read more
Apr 08, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi